Abstract
The Kyrgyz Republic is the third country in the Commonwealth of
Independent States in terms of gold production after the Russian Federation and
the Republic of Uzbekistan. At this point in the country there are more than
thirty significant gold fields. Currently there are operated gold fields such
as “Kumtor”, “Makmal” in The Kyrgyz Republic. In addition, there is a process
of preparation for the development such gold fields like “Djeruy” and also
“Andash” field[1].
Conclusion summarizing the findings
From all arguments, set forth above it follows that one of the main
causes of the conflict is the weakness of the government in the face of law
enforcement agencies (Ministry of law enforcement authority of the Kyrgyz
Republic, the General Prosecutor of the Kyrgyz Republic) to ensure the safety
of personnel and property of the mining companies.
Also, the problem appears and the fundamental
inconsistency of strategies for the development of the Talas oblast between the
government of the Kyrgyz Republic, the regional administrations, local
communities and the mining company. In other words, there is no strategic
vision for the development of the region as a whole.
In the process of making a decision to grant or revoke
a license State agency for geology and mineral resources of the Kyrgyz Republic
is not always take into account the interests of all sections and all sections
of the community.
This in turn leads to a lack of infrastructure on the
ground and the weakening of state power. Local people, dissatisfied with their
present location and requires improving the conditions of life, but not from
the state but from the mining company. This situation is in many ways, and
creates the conditions for conflict than able to take an interest in obtaining
material and financial resources group, as well as unfair competition.
Consequently, the problem is as follows.
State power of the country must show the political
will and ensure the safety for personnel mining companies and inviolability of
private property. Develop a strategy for social-economic development of the
Talas oblast through an open, comprehensive, city-state approach with the
participation of all members of relations (list attached below).
The list of participants must be equipped with the
following groups:
- Public authorities (State agency for geology and mineral resources of
the Kyrgyz Republic, the agencies responsible for environmental safety, the
Ministry of emergency situations of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Ministry of law
enforcement authority of the Kyrgyz Republic, the General Prosecutor of the
Kyrgyz Republic).
- Local authorities;
- The mining company, the investors;
- Associations that support the mining companies, the International
Business Council;
- Representatives of the local population in the face: elders, elders,
activists;
- Representatives of farms and cattle farms;
- Representatives of non-governmental organizations.
In this goal, the problem including enhanced
continuous attention of the government, its agencies on the development and
improvement of the living conditions of the population in the area and the
region as a whole. This suggests the possibility to set measurable goals. It is
possible the fixing of sustainable growth (rather than first, improving) the
quality of health care and education (the state of the buildings, facilities,
equipment), improving the quality of services provided by these institutions,
the improvement of infrastructure, sustainable development of farming and
animal husbandry in rural areas.
Equally important here is the construction, repair and
improvement of the quality of infrastructure in the form of drainage systems,
devices, potable water, electricity, roads, communication systems, radio and
television broadcasting. In addition, farmers, ranchers, businessmen, and all
other members of the local population is necessary to create conditions for the
improvement of quality of life through the introduction of new technologies and
farming methods (windmills, biogas plants, improvement suggestions).
The process of moving toward the goal should be monitored, as it is
difficult to give a guarantee that the goal will be achieved on time. To do so
may require joint efforts in the form of a joint collegial body as a
supervisory commission. It will consist of government agencies, the heads of
state of regional administrations, representatives of local authorities,
representatives of the company, the local population.
In addition, it is important introduction to this
alternative as a production sharing agreement based solely on the separation of
produced products. The agreement must be designed, subjected to discussion and
criticism not only by state authorities as ministries and agencies, investors,
but also directly with those members of the local authority, where the proposed
mine. In addition, the composition of the discussions should include
representatives of the local authority and other cities in the region. It is
important that the above persons with the concurrence of all the important
questions have signed on behalf of the people they represent local authority.
So, at the very early development stage, it is
recommended to increase the investor’s share to 70%, but included in that share
the costs of the investor. Thus, the principle of openness will be developed.
The remaining 30 percent is expected to divide between the public authority
that regulates the mining industry, as well as the local authority, the areas
of the field. In the future, the investor’s share will be lower, in favor of
the state and the local community.
The state thus securing its presence and credibility
not only as repressive of supervisory bodies (the bodies of internal affairs),
but also in the form of qualified doctors, teachers, and school teachers will
be able to provide normal living conditions of citizens. Thus, the problem of
the relationship of mining companies and representatives of the communities
will be able to stop at an early stage.
Sanjar Abakirov, “Serep” Research Institute
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